In a national survey conducted in the United States in the early 2000s, researchers found predominantly hyperactive-impulsive or combined presentations of ADHD were diagnosed more often in boys aged 8 to 15 than in girls (3). This is especially the case when poor performance is attributed to “not trying” or “low effort” instead of an attention disorder. Symptoms of inattention include having difficulty getting started on tasks, making careless errors in written work, and losing focus during lessons or readings.īecause children with an inattentive presentation or ADD display less obvious symptoms, it is more common for their learning difficulty to go undiagnosed, which can have a negative effect on a child’s confidence and self-esteem. They can be quiet and have few interactions with teachers.
People with a predominantly inattentive presentation or ADD call less attention to themselves. These are students who appear to be paying attention in class. It is a commonly held belief that the hyperactive-impulsive presentation is characterized primarily by movement issues, but some specialists consider impulsivity to be the key difference (2). These kids may need to move about regularly, have difficulty in social interactions with peers, and experience behavioral problems that can lead to frequent disciplinary action. Children with these forms of ADHD often struggle to control their impulses, are fidgety, and prone to outbursts. That’s because the symptoms are easier to spot in students. Teachers tend to be more familiar with the hyperactive-impulsive or combined presentations of ADHD. Which presentations of ADHD are most visible? Many dislike the ADHD label and prefer ADD because they feel the H for hyperactivity does not accurately describe them. It’s relevant to consider how individuals who have a predominantly inattentive presentation prefer to be referred to as well. Yet, they also mention that when inattentiveness presents on its own, it is known as attention deficit disorder or ADD. Online resources from the NHS state that ADHD can include two different kinds of behavioral problems: inattentiveness, and hyperactivity and impulsivity. In the UK, the situation is slightly different.
#Signs of add vs adhd update#
The current terminology in the US reflects a 2013 update in which the APA replaced the word subtype with presentation.
Then in 1993, they further refined the nomenclature and began discussing three types of ADHD, a predominantly inattentive subtype, a predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype, and a combined subtype. However, this changed in 1987 when the APA made ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the accepted umbrella term. This is because ADD was the label used by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) who specified two variants, ADD with or without hyperactivity. In the early and mid 1980s, ADD, or attention deficit disorder, was the accepted way of referring to attention difficulties. The first thing to know is that they changed the name. So, what’s the difference? From ADD to ADHD This is not unusual given attention difficulties are among the most common childhood behavioral disorders (1).īut if you are confused by the terminology surrounding attention difficulties, especially ADD vs ADHD, you’re not alone. Many educators have worked with bright and motivated children who struggle to perform at school due to attention difficulties.
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